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Nature Returns Programme

Nature Returns addresses the dual crises of climate change and biodiversity loss by building the evidence around nature-based solutions (NbS) through scientific research and collaboration. The programme aims to understand how biodiverse habitats can both capture and store carbon and help us to adapt to climate change, whilst delivering other societal benefits. Research also looks at how NbS can be practically implemented at the landscape scale, including how public and private funding can be blended to support large-scale environmental recovery. By filling evidence gaps and integrating findings into policy, Nature Returns seeks to accelerate progress toward Net Zero and biodiversity goals, and support climate change adaptation and the implementation of the land use framework for England.

Natural England leads Nature Returns, in partnership with the Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, RBG Kew at Wakehurst and six Local Partnership Projects. The programme is co-sponsored by Defra and DESNZ, which is helping to ensure that emerging results can be integrated into developing policy.


Nature Returns Commissioned Reports

The following reports have been published externally. For Natural England publications, please scroll to the bottom of this page.

Carbon & Biodiversity Research

Semi-natural grasslands as a Nature-based Solution for climate change mitigation: an assessment of carbon and plant communities across age gradients

Nature Returns Vegetation data – Local Partnership Projects. Collected between 2023-03-02 and 2024-09-19, across England

Utilising Remote Sensing to Compare Grassland and Woodland Temperatures at Wakehurst

Estimating and Comparing Modelled Rainfall Interception Loss in Woodland and Grassland at Wakehurst

Nutrients, carbon, mycorrhizas and tipping points in forests

Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in the UK: carbon storage potential and growth rates

Wakehurst Oaks 2025 Dendrometer Report

Ectomycorrhizal community composition and extramatrical hyphal proportion predict soil carbon stocks at the landscape scale

Soil moisture monitoring pilot across Nature Returns partner sites

Investing in Nature

Governance of Blended Finance

The Aggregation of Ecosystem Services Suppliers

Buyers of Ecosystem Services in Voluntary Markets

Green Finance, Flood and Water Governance

Aggregation and Investment for Nature

UK Voluntary Carbon Market Pricing Research

Motivations of buyers of ecosystem services in voluntary markets

Landscape Scale Delivery

Cultural Ecosystem Services and opportunities for inclusive and effective nature-based solutions

Modelling and Mapping of Multifunctional Landscapes: modelling carbon stocks and measuring and displaying uncertainty

Land Use Decision Research & Guidance

Nature for People and Place


Contact Information

If you would like to find out more or keep up to date with our progress, please contact us at naturereturns@naturalengland.org.uk or on our dedicated webpage Nature Returns, Kew.


Accessibility

If you require any of the reports in a different format, or have any other feedback about the content's accessibility, please contact naturereturns@naturalengland.org.uk

Downloads available for this record

File Uploaded
JP064 Nature Returns Summary Report March 2026, PDF, 3.1 MB 2026/04/30
NECR637 Edition 1 Nature Returns - Natural England Partnership Working in a Place, PDF, 3.8 MB 2025/06/10
NE794 Nature Returns Fictioning Illustrations Brochure, PDF, 9.1 MB 2026/04/30
NECR635 Nature Returns Programme Evaluation Final Report - Phase 2, PDF, 2.6 MB 2025/10/03
NECR635 Edition 1 Nature Returns Programme Evaluation Final Report - Phase 1, PDF, 3.1 MB 2025/06/10
NERR139 Edition 2 Nature Returns Interim Report, PDF, 8.1 MB 2025/04/15

Related Access to Evidence records

Title
Nature Returns Wood Pasture Creation: Lessons Learned and Implications for Policy (NE792)
Nature Returns: Field survey methodology for comparative assessment of carbon and biodiversity. (TIN220)
Nature Returns Soil and Vegetation Surveys (JP064)